Mu'ahid
Mu'ahid (Arabic معاهد, DMG Mu ʿ āhid) Derived from Ahd (عهد / ʿ ahd / "Agreement"), literally means "Covenant-Maker, an ally" and refers to a non- unbelievers, to live an Islamic country and the rule of the Islamic government does not recognize or believe that outside the Islamic territory is alive, but belongs to a country that signed a peace agreement with Muslims is closed. As in the Middle Ages Mu'ahidin were al-Andalus, especially Christians, who made the Islamic rule.
According to classical Islamic law is a peace between Muslims and non Muslims nichtunterworfenen not possible, but only a hudna called a maximum of ten years of ceasefire.
Literature
Robert Ignatius Burns, Edward Paul Chevedden: Negotiating Cultures: Bilingual Surrender Treaties in Muslim-Crusader Spain under James the Conqueror. In: The medieval Mediterranean. Volume 22, Brill, Leiden 1999, ISBN 90-04-11244-8, p. 204-207: "Christian Covenant Makers (Mu'ahidun)"
0 comments:
Post a Comment